These reports do not indicate that RJ has significant toxicities or propensity to cause adverse events; however, more detailed and broader information on the biological effects of RJ at molecular, pathological and clinical levels should be collected for normal cells, tissues and organs. Honey protects against cisplatin-induced hepatic and renal toxicity through inhibition of NF-B-mediated COX-2 expression and the oxidative stress dependent BAX/Bcl-2/caspase-3 apoptotic pathway. Royal jelly is a milk-like substance secreted by bees that provides nutrition to developing larvae as well as the queen bee. Influence of honey bee products on transplantable murine tumours. Food-induced anaphylaxis caused by ingestion of royal jelly. At first, although oral RJ intake did not affect the weight of the lung and the kidney, the weights of the thymus and the spleen were reduced [29]. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help In contrast, although we already stated that RJ could inhibit the bisphenol-induced proliferation of breast cancer cells, 10-HDA does not exhibit similar anti-proliferative activity [25]. Flavonoid Composition and Antitumor Activity of Bee Bread Collected in Northeast Portugal. Cyclophosphamide is a cytotoxic alkylating agent that it is often used for the treatment of cancer. Sakuramoto A., Hasegawa Y., Sugahara K., Komoda Y., Hasegawa K., Hikasa S., Kurashita M., Sakai J., Arita M., Yasukawa K., et al. Supplements can improve immunity, skin collagen production, wound healing, memory, hormone and cholesterol balance. Unfortunately, there are few reports on the protective effects of RJ against toxicities induced by molecular targeted therapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors in animal models. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum; CDDP) is an effective synthetic-spectrum anti-cancer agent and is often included in standard regimens for many solid tumors. Royal jelly is a viscous substance secreted by worker bees and constitutes the essential food for queen bees and their larvae. There are claims that it offers a range of health benefits, such as easing the. Natural products, including RJ, have been investigated for their promise as potential agents for the therapy of patients with malignancies. In oriental medicine, Royal Jelly is traditionally taken to boost energy levels, mental alertness, and feelings of well-being. Royal jelly (RJ) is a glandular secretion produced by worker honeybees and is a special food for the queen honeybee. Effects of an herbal medication containing bee products on menopausal symptoms and cardiovascular risk markers: results of a pilot open-uncontrolled trial. Influence of royal jelly on the reproductive function of puberty male rats. The authors speculated that the anti-oxidant properties of RJ exerted positive effects on these parameters [44]. Bommareddy A., Knapp K., Nemeth A., Steigerwalt J., Landis T., Vanwert A.L., Gorijavolu H.P., Dwivedi C. Alpha-Santalol, a component of sandalwood oil inhibits migration of breast cancer cells by targeting the -catenin pathway. The effect of royal jelly on oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We have also dedicated specific attention to RJ in this review because of following reasons and findings: (1) RJ is special food for queen honeybee in both the larva and adult stages. RJ is a hypopharyngeal and mandibular glandular secretion of nurse honey bees. Honey and royal jelly could become part of the arsenal of weapons against cancer, researchers say. For the study, a group of 40 men were administered 38 mg of RJ over a period of three months, their PSA values . Efficacy of royal jelly on methotrexate-induced systemic oxidative stress and damage to small intestine in rats. Royal jelly is known as a functional food containing many useful minerals. RJ was also reported to improve serum testosterone level and sperm parameters in rats treated with BLM [44]. Tian X., Chen W.Q., Liu X.L., Pi Y.P., Chen H. Efficacy and safety of oral zinc sulfate in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: Protocol for a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Evidence Based 12 Potential Health Benefits of Royal Jelly Royal jelly is a gelatinous substance produced by honey bees to feed the queen bees and their young. The effect of royal jelly on oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Filipi B., Gradinik L., Rihar K., oo E., Pereyra A., Potokar J. At present, various chemical substances and environmental hormones that are present in a variety of plastic products, food and beverage containers and many products in house and work place, are speculated to be associated with tumorigenesis [25,82]. Unfortunately, the relationship between such changes and anti-cancer agent-induced toxicities in normal tissues is not well characterized. Propolis, and Royal Jelly: . These RJ-induced activities are widely considered to be useful to maintain homeostasis and recover from pathological conditions; therefore, RJ has been used as cosmetics, health food, or dietary supplement [13,14], (3) RJ affects the immune system under various physiological and pathological conditions, including malignancies and stimulate not only immunocompetent cells but also antibody production [15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. Memorial Sloan Kettering does not assume any risk whatsoever for your use of this website or the information contained herein. (4) RJ has an abundance of the main nutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates and lipids and has some stronger and specific biological activities compared to other bee products [17,18,19]. However, in recent years, there have been two in vitro studies point out that of the anti-proliferative activity of 10-HDA in colon cancer cells and it is known that the regulation of inflammatory functions or oxidative stress by 10-HDA is an important mediator of these anti-cancer effects [12,28]. Because royal jelly has estrogenic effects(3), women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer should avoid this product. Can we use Royal Jelly to help treat Chemo-induced Oral Mucositis/ Mouth Sores Naturally? In recent years, the consideration of natural products as anti-cancer treatments has grown worldwide [4,5,6]. Royal Jelly: Beneficial Properties and Synergistic Effects with Chemotherapeutic Drugs with Particular Emphasis in Anticancer Strategies . Cancer also is a main cause for death involving more than 7.5 million people around the world each year [ 2 ]. Other studies suggest that royal jelly supplementation may improve premenstrual(26) and menopausal(6) symptoms. It is commonly used for conventional therapies and has been the subject of clinical trials for the treatment of various types of malignancies [53]. 2. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental estrogen that stimulates proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Call us at 833-347-1665 to make an appointment. Home News Sport Radio TV Weather Languages [an error occurred while processing this. Therefore, in this section, we have discussed the reported anti-cancer effects of RJ and 10-HDA in various malignancies. In this report, the authors commented that changes in the function of the spleen and the thymus by cell-mediated and humoral immunity might be associated with such phenomena and the precise effects of RJ on the immune system required further study [29]. Inhibited elevations of serum markers and histological alterations. Royal jelly, which causes epigenetic changes in bee colonies, has the potential to cause a change in cancer cells. Thank you for support of Tomohiro Matsuo, Kyohei Araki, Yuichiro Nakamura, Yuji Sagara and Kojiro Ohba. Studies on the in vitro antitumor activity of fatty acids. Several reports have also suggested that some fractions of RJ are potential therapeutic agents for various types of malignancies. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center makes no warranties nor express or implied representations whatsoever regarding the accuracy, completeness, timeliness, comparative or controversial nature, or usefulness of any information contained or referenced on this Web site. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. RJ and its main component, 10-HDA, can inhibit tumor growth and cancer cell invasion via the regulation of various cancer-related factors. Sver L., Orsoli N., Tadi Z., Njari B., Valpoti I., Basi I. Royal jelly in Iran is employed as an anti-cancer treatment, as well it promotes digestive health, boosts fertility, aids diabetes treatment, cures neurological diseases, boosts hair growth, and . In the present study, the effect of RJ on 4T1bearing mice was investigated. Currently, various methods are used to treat cancer, including radiotherapy, surgery, and chemotherapy, all of which have serious adverse effects. Thus, a combination of natural products may have suitable anti-cancer effects and protective effects against drug-induced toxicities. Furthermore, this study suggested that a decrease in prostaglandin E (PGE)-2 might be associated with such anti-cancer effects in addition to immunity-related host resistance [30]. Valko M., Rhodes C.J., Moncol J., Izakovic M., Mazur M. Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. The potential health benefits of royal jelly include its ability to lower blood pressure, aid with sexual infertility, lower cholesterol levels, protect the liver, reduce inflammation, heal digestive disorders, prevent premature aging, help in weight loss, and increase circulation. Therefore, many investigators, physicians and patients with cancer are particularly invested in the development of more effective and safer treatment strategies. Others report also showed similar results, with pre-treatment (1 h prior to intra-peritoneal administration of 1 mg/kg CDDP kg) with 100 mg/kg RJ reversed the changes in serum parameters, including urea, creatinine and uric acid, observed after CDDP treatment alone [49]. Khan T.S., Sundin A., Juhlin C., Wilander E., Oberg K., Eriksson B. Vincristine, cisplatin, teniposide and cyclophosphamide combination in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic adrenocortical cancer. Furthermore, we also speculated that there was the possibility that crude honey, including various honey products such as propolis and bee pollen, is more closely associated with nephroprotective effects more than pure RJ because these products exert protective effects on kidney function [61,62]. RJ has important roles in the regulation of inflammation and oxidative stress under various physiological and pathological conditions and the beneficial changes in the relevant molecules are thought to be modulated by RJ [8,9,10,11,12]. Major royal jelly protein 3 was identified as the main allergen that can induce anaphylaxis and cross-reactivity with honeycomb(37). Royal jelly is a milky substance secreted by honey bees and fed to developing offspring. Yang Y.C., Chou W.M., Widowati D.A., Lin I.P., Peng C.C. Briefly, when mice injected subcutaneously with 4T1 mouse mammary tumor cells were treated with RJ for 14 days prior to the transplantation of tumor cells and subsequently for 28 consecutive days, the tumor volume was significantly lower than that in control mice; however, a corresponding inhibitory effect was not found when the mice were treated with RJ for 28 consecutive days after tumor cell transplantation. In contrast, there is no general agreement on the best administration method to produce the anti-cancer and/or protective effects of RJ in patients with malignancies. Effect of Royal Jelly Intake on Serum Glucose, Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and ApoB/ApoA-I Ratios in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial Study. It may also help preserve bone mineral density in postmenopausal women(36). Thus, RJ intake may be effective as a prophylactic agent but not as a therapeutic agent; thus, the authors suggested that effective administration of RJ might require 14 days administration prior to tumor inoculation. With cancer, where you get treated first matters. Protected against drug-induced prostate tissue damage. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Ointments significantly and dose-dependently improved the recovery from damage, Improved the signs of oral mucositis and shortened its healing time. Mishima S., Suzuki K.M., Isohama Y., Kuratsu N., Araki Y., Inoue M., Miyata T. Royal jelly has estrogenic effects in vitro and in vivo. Royal jelly was . It is consumed as a health food around the world. Ibrahim A., Eldaim M.A., Abdel-Daim M.M. Reliability of malondialdehyde as a biomarker of oxidative stress in psychological disorders. Neamatallah T., El-Shitany N.A., Abbas A.T., Ali S.S., Eid B.G. Any questions regarding your own health should be addressed to your own physician or other healthcare provider. With regarding RJ, it is reported that RJ has anti-environmental estrogen activity against effects induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In brief, the number of MCF-7 cells was significantly increased by exposure to 1000 nM BPA for 72 h; however, this increase was inhibited by processed RJ (0.1 g dissolved in 10 mL PBS, centrifuged at 15 kg for 15 min and the top clear layer was used) [82]. Therefore, RJ is thought to exert anti-cancer effects on tumor growth and exhibit protective functions against drug-induced toxicities. In type 2 diabetic women, royal jelly supplementation reduced hemoglobin A1c and fasting blood glucose levels, increased insulin concentrations, and decreased oxidative stress via improvement of malondialdehyde levels, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities(23). However, there is unfortunately little information available from in vivo and in vitro studies or clinical trials. Royal jelly is a creamy white substance with a high nutrient content that young bees make to feed queen bee larvae. Because lab studies identified some estrogenic activity with royal jelly, it should not be used by patients with hormone-sensitive cancers. [47] reported that the serum ALT concentration in rats administered CDDP and RJ (29.50 1.70 IU/L) was significantly lower than in rats administered CDDP alone (80.50 2.50 IU/L). Royal jelly benefits may include: reducing allergic reactions, providing probiotics for gut health, easing menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms, improving collagen levels for great skin, aiding in wound healing, benefiting male fertility, supporting metabolic health, and decreasing mucositis symptoms. In addition, the effects of combination therapies of RJ and other anti-cancer agents or natural compounds are important to determine the future direction of RJ-based treatment strategies. In contrast, the same study showed that the reactivity of Bcl-xL, which is an inhibitor of apoptosis, was lower in the kidney and liver of rats treated with CDDP than in control rats and that this decrease in reactivity was restored in rats treated with CDDP and RJ [47]. Antioxidant properties of royal jelly associated with larval age and time of harvest. In rats, cell count and content of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were increased by the administration of an intra-tracheal instillation of BLM (7.5 IU/kg); however, such pathological increases were reversed by the oral administration of RJ (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days consecutively prior to BLM administration [43]. The interaction of bee products with temozolomide in human diffuse astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme and astroglia cell lines. Ulusoy H.B., ztrk ., Snmez M.F. In this review, we have first introduced the anti-cancer effects of RJ in in vivo and in vitro studies. Consequently, the suppression of these major events caused by CDDP may improve the anti-cancer effect of the drug. INTRODUCTION. Use of this Web site does not create an expressed or implied physician-patient relationship. Finally, there is the opinion that RJ contains growth factors or hormones that promote the cell growth of adipocytes [80]. Chemotherapy usually leads to various adverse events, such as bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal tract disorders, dysfunction of the kidney and the liver, owing to the lack of tumor specificity and the resultant effects on normal tissues. In this study, all patients were treated with radiotherapy (6677 Gy) and chemotherapy (nedaplatin and docetaxel, S-1, or intra-arterial CDDP); in addition, patients in the RJ group took RJ (3 g/day) during radiation therapy. In summary, these studies in mice showed that 1.5 mg of 10-HDA per milliliter of cell suspension completely prevented tumor formation in four types of malignant cells: mouse leukemia, 6CSHED lymphosarcoma, the TAS mammary carcinoma and the Ehrlich carcinoma [40]. 1. Campos J.C., Cunha J.D., Ferreira D.C., Reis S., Costa P.J. Studies in humans are limited. Royal jelly, or milky-white "bee milk," has long been known for its mysterious growth effects on future queen honey bees, while also hailed by some as an anti-aging, cholesterol-lowering super supplement. Bax, Bcl2-associated X protein; Bcl-xL, B-cell lymphoma-extra-large; BrdU, Bromodeoxyuridine; CRP, C-reactive protein; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage; eNOS, nitric oxide synthase; GSH, glutathione; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase; GST, glutathione-S-transferase; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; SMA, smooth muscle actin; IFN, interferon; TGF, transforming growth factor. Fatty acids derived from royal jelly are modulators of estrogen receptor functions. Similarly, the biological roles and composition of various fractions of RJ are affected by such factors. They help minimize free radicals, . Zhang B., Fang C., Deng D., Xia L. Research progress on common adverse events caused by targeted therapy for colorectal cancer. It is consumed as a health food around the world. Indeed, many investigators have specifically investigated the molecular mechanisms and preventive strategies of fibrosis in various organs [77,78]. Royal jelly does not improve markers of glycemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Hajra S., Patra A.R., Basu A., Bhattacharya S. Prevention of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced genotoxicity and cardiotoxicity: Effect of plant derived small molecule indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, we also agree with their opinion that the search for more effective and disease-specific fractions of RJ may be critical for improvements in the anti-cancer effects. These studies also showed that CDDP led to significant histological changes of congestion, dilatation, epithelial vacuolization and infiltration of some immune cells, mostly macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells in the kidney tissues; however, these changes were decreased by RJ [47,49]. Subsequently, we have summarized the usefulness of RJ in the prevention of anti-cancer treatment-induced toxicities in animal models and patients with cancer. A Case of Anaphylaxis Caused by Major Royal Jelly Protein 3 of Royal Jelly and Its Cross-Reactivity with Honeycomb. In addition, we suggest that a more detailed analysis, including dosage, duration and timing of administration also should be performed. Nakajima Y., Tsuruma K., Shimazawa M., Mishima S., Hara H. Comparison of bee products based on assays of antioxidant capacities. In addition, many investigators have given special attention to pharmacotherapy using natural substance as promising future therapeutic options. The GSH-Px level in the prostate was significantly higher in rats administered with cyclophosphamide and RJ than those administered cyclophosphamide only [51] and similar findings was also reported in the lung of rats treated with bleomycin [43]. In a study of 103 cancer patients, royal jelly supplements (1 g daily) improved mouth sores and shortened the healing time. In menopause, the most prevalent is breast cancer and royal jelly demonstrated its ability as a complementary therapy in cancer. Antioxidant: Royal jelly contains concentrated levels of several antioxidants. Okamoto I., Taniguchi Y., Kunikata T., Kohno K., Iwaki K., Ikeda M., Kurimoto M. Major royal jelly protein 3 modulates immune responses in vitro and in vivo. Effect of royal jelly ingestion for six months on healthy volunteers. However, studies in humans are quite limited and do not provide adequate evidence of benefit. The major therapeutic methods for patients with cancer are operations, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Memorial Sloan Kettering does not record specific website user information and does not contact users of this website. 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), known as a major component of RJ, plays important roles in various biological activities, including inflammation and oxidative stress [22,23]. In rats treated by MTX, the plasma MDA levels in the MTX and RJ-treated group were significantly lower than those in the MTX-treated group and the plasma levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the MTX and RJ-treated group were higher than those in MTX-treated group [52]. On the other hand, this opinion was published in 2011 and then new findings on beneficial effects of RJ for cancer treatments were showed by in vivo and in vitro studies. Furthermore, PGE2 is an important modulator for the activities of immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells and natural killer cells [34,35,36]. In addition to such biochemical markers, they also reported that RJ suppressed histological alterations induced by BLM [43]. Inflammation and oxidative stress are closely associated with anti-cancer agent-induced toxicities [67,68]. Cancer A study on propolis supplementation for colon cancer prevention in high-risk patients found no benefit, and actually indicated potential negative effects on muscle tissues including heart muscle cells. Malekinejad H., Ahsan S., Delkhosh-Kasmaie F., Cheraghi H., Rezaei-Golmisheh A., Janbaz-Acyabar H. Cardioprotective effect of royal jelly on paclitaxel-induced cardio-toxicity in rats. With regard to the protective effect of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, a comparison of the treatments of crude honey, RJ and control was performed in 30 patients with cancer treated with CDDP; randomly divided into the honey group (n = 10) and the RJ group (n = 10), which were pre-treated before the initiation of CDDP and during CDDP treatment and the control group (n = 10) administered CDDP only [60]. What is Royal Jelly? Purported Uses and Benefits. One report showed that that intra-peritoneal CDDP administration (1 mg/kg twice weekly for 10 weeks) damaged 60% of renal tubules in rats (Ibrahim) and fibrogenic factors, including -smooth muscle actin (SMA) in the interstitial tissues and transforming growth factor (TGF)-1 in renal tubules, were upregulated by this treatment. Zang S., Ma X., Wu Y., Liu W., Cheng H., Li J., Liu J., Huang A. PGE, Xie C., Xu X., Wang X., Wei S., Shao L., Chen J., Cai J., Jia L. Cyclooxygenase-2 induces angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer mediated by prostaglandin E. Goodwin J.S., Webb D.R. RJ has also been demonstrated to be useful for suppression of adverse events, the maintenance of the quality of life during treatment and the improvement of prognosis in animal models and patients with malignancies. With regard to cell proliferation, there was a report that the expression of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), which is commonly used as a marker of cell proliferation, was downregulated in renal tubular epithelial cells by CDDP administration in rats; however, this change was restored by dietary RJ administration [49]. Briefly, in a mouse model, the oral administration of 10 g/kg RJ showed no acute toxicity [83]. Thus, in animal models, RJ protects from pro-apoptotic activity and the anti-proliferative effects caused by a variety of anti-cancer agents in several normal tissues.
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