The Armenian Quarter is separated from the Christian Quarter by David Street (Suq el-Bazaar) and from the Jewish Quarter by Habad Street (Suq el-Husur). The patriarch is said to be mostly confined to his quarters at the Armenian Convent of Saint James, sources in the community have said. Elected the 97th Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem in January, Manougian is now one of the top Armenian Christian leaders worldwide, in a community scattered over the globe. [5] The quarter can be accessed through the Zion Gate and Jaffa Gate. During his time in America, Manougian served as pastor to communities in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Springfield, Massachusetts; and Houston, Texas.[3]. "[66] The lack of a longstanding political solution to the IsraeliPalestinian conflict for Jerusalem has been cited as the main cause of the decrease in the number of Armenians in the Old City, which fell by almost half from 1,598 in 1967 to 790 in 2006. I mean, we are trying to know what happened, when it happened, and how," explains community activist Hagop Djernazian. In the 1340s the Armenians were permitted to build a wall around their quarter. BBC News, Jerusalem. "We are all very upset, and we need to do everything to revoke this illegal contract," said activist Djernazian. Emperor Justinian I persecuted whom he considered to be Monophysite Armenians, forcing them to leave Jerusalem. In the 156263 record, only 189 Armenians were counted, whereas 640 were counted by the Ottomans in 1690, an increase of 239%. Medical services against a symbolic fee are provided at a clinic donated by the Jinishian Medical Fund. "[61], Ramzi Khoury, head of the Palestinian Higher Presidential Committee for Churches Affairs in Palestine, called the land transactions in the Armenian Quarter a violation of international law as Palestinians consider the area an "integral part of the Palestinian occupied territories. On Friday, dozens of Armenian Jerusalemites gathered to hear from a group of international Armenian lawyers who have been visiting and have agreed to draw up recommendations on how to handle the case. The compound of the Patriarchate, which enforces a strict curfew of 10 p.m., when the massive doors are closed and locked until the early morning, also houses the administrative offices and residences of the Patriarch and the clergy. [5] It housed many Armenians from around Palestine. The Armenian Patriarchate was established in Jerusalem almost 2,000 . Patriarch Harutyun Vehabedian had died in 1910, and in 1916 the Turkish authorities declared the ousted Catholicos Sahag II Khabayan of Cilicia "Patriarch-Catholicos" to reside in Jerusalem as an exiled pontiff, thus eliminating both, Sis his headquarters, as well as Patriarch Zaven Der Yeghiayan and the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople. Most Armenians in Jerusalem live in and around the Patriarchate at the St. James Monastery, which occupies most of the Armenian Quarter of the Old City. However, the Armenian patriarchate is the de facto administrator of the quarter and acts as a "mini-welfare state" for the Armenian residents. He is from one of the families that brought the colourful tradition of Armenian pottery to Jerusalem a century ago, when they fled from what is widely seen as a genocide by the Turks. The rest of the quarter. [11] The city had previously been divided into many more harat (Arabic: , romanized:Hrat: "quarters", "neighborhoods", "districts" or "areas", see wikt:). [50][51] The Armenian community is concerned that the Jewish Quarter "will expand as the number of Jews in the Old City continues to grow while the Armenian population withers. A deal has been signed by the Armenian Patriarchate that will hand up to 25% of the quarter to a commercial entity for a 99-year lease, according to lawyers working to stop the deal. They certainly would not lay claim to an entire Quarter, as they have for centuries. The Armenian Convent of Saint James is at the heart of this community and its social life, with youth clubs and even its own football pitch. Video, Armageddon: The 3,000-year-old city behind the biblical story, rise in attacks by extremist Jews targeting Christians in Jerusalem, BBC star 'accused of paying teen for explicit photos', Dutch government collapses over asylum row, Latvia swears in EU's first openly gay president, Biden defends sending cluster bombs to Ukraine, No charges for security who blocked Britney Spears. [23] Zion 3. For other uses, see, "List of Armenian patriarchs of Jerusalem", Learn how and when to remove this template message, Catholicos of Armenia and of All Armenians, Theodore II of Jerusalem (Asdvadzadoor Merdeentzee), Theodore III of Jerusalem (Asdvadzadoor Daronetzee), List of Armenian Catholic Patriarchs of Cilicia, List of Armenian Patriarchs of Constantinople, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Armenian_patriarchs_of_Jerusalem&oldid=1076718295, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, Theodore (Asdvadzadoor Merdeentzee) (15501551), restored -- ( ), Theodore III of Jerusalem (Asdvadzadoor Daronetzee) (16651666), restored -- . Djernazian is referring to the recent takeover of parts of the Palestinian-run Petra Hotel near Jaffa Gate by an Israeli settler organization. The patriarchate is the de facto administrator of the quarter and acts as a "mini-welfare state" for the Armenian residents. In Jerusalem's Armenian Quarter, a controversial land deal pits a - CNN "[109] According to the Palestine Papers, leaked by Al Jazeera in 2011, chief Palestinian negotiator Saeb Erekat proposed a geographical division of the Old City at an October 2009 meeting, according to which Israel would acquire sovereignty over the entire Jewish Quarter and "part of the Armenian Quarter. [25][36][37][38] A seminary was opened in 1857. Catholicos Karekin II urged Patriarch Nourhan Manougian to "reflect on the concerns through proper interpretation, and to restore solidarity in the Brotherhood. The Armenian Patriarchate, due to its proximity to the holy places and isolation from the main Armenian population, played an important role in the schism that began to affect the Armenian leaderships in Constantinople and Etchmiadzin (seat of the Armenian church). In 638 AD,[26] Armenians established their own archbishop, Abraham I. Israeli historians Kark and Oren-Nordheim wrote in 2001: "The Armenian Quarter, although Christian, represented a distinct ethnic group with its particular language and culture, intent on retaining separate identity and unity, minimizing the contacts with Arabs and the Ottoman authorities for fear of persecution. According to plans seen unofficially by Hagop and others, an Ottoman-era building housing five Armenian households, a restaurant, shops and the seminary are all part of the sell-off. The origin of the Armenians is from the areas of Van Lake and Ararat Mountain in modern North - Eastern Turkey. Plots of land here are fiercely fought over. He wrote of the Armenian Quarter:[112], In 2000 the Armenian, Greek Orthodox and Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem sent a "strongly worded" letter to the negotiators at the Camp David Summit,[22] stating: "We regard the Christian and Armenian Quarters of the Old City as inseparable and contiguous entities that are firmly united by the same faith. Within the compound of the Patriarchate, also lie the private residences of 2,000-3,000 Armenian families. The Armenian presence in Jerusalem dates back to early Christian times. Armenian Jerusalem Located in the southwestern corner of the Old City, it can be accessed through the Zion Gate and Jaffa Gate. Armenians in Israel and Palestine - Wikipedia After 1915, many more fled to Jerusalem from parts of the former Ottoman Empire where they were threatened with genocide. [42] The Jews, who numbered a little more than the Armenians, inhabited the eastern part of the Armenian Quarter, which in the second half of the nineteenth century, became the western part of the Jewish Quarter. Many Armenians had hoped the site could be used to build affordable housing for young couples from their tiny, shrinking community. A hundred years after taking in scores of children whose parents were killed in the Armenian genocide, a 19th-century orphanage in Jerusalem's Armenian Quarter has reopened its doors as a museum documenting the community's rich, if pained, history. Church leaders and residents have blamed Israel's far-right government for a culture thatrarely prosecutesthe culprits. The Mamluk government also engraved the following declaration in Arabic on the western entrance to the quarter: Jerusalemite historian Mujir al-Din provided a detailed description of pre-Ottoman Jerusalem in 1495 in which he mentioned Dir el-Arman (Monastery of the Armenians) or Kanisat Mar Ya'qub (St. James Cathedral). The population is dwindling. Tarkmanchatz Armenian School of Jerusalem", Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria, Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Baghdad, Assyrian Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, Ancient Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus, Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem&oldid=1128907871, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Armenian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, The Edward and Helen Mardigian Museum of Armenian Art and Culture, housing historical and religious artifacts including precious rugs, Armenian coins and evidence of the presence at the site of the Tenth Legion of Rome. "city-dwellers"). Furthermore, clergy who have lived at the Armenian monastery compound for decades do not have residency status, and, thus, "pay as tourists for public services such as healthcare. Autonomous Armenian Oriental Orthodox Church in Jerusalem, Traditional ecclesiastical jurisdictions of, , S. N. Manoogian, The Calouste Gulbenkian Library, Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem, 1925-1990 an Historical Portrait of a Monastic and Lay Community Intellectual Resource Center, Doctoral Dissertation University of California 2013, Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia, Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea, "Sts. Armenian Apostolic Patriarchate of Jerusalem | Jerusalem - Facebook New (Double, Single, Tanners')Al-Mawazin, .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}314628N 351343E / 31.7744N 35.2287E / 31.7744; 35.2287. "According to international law, it's on occupied land that is subject to negotiations and this kind of reinforces the illegal settler presence in Palestinian East Jerusalem.". [26] A secular community composed of merchants and artisans was established in the 6th century in the Zion Quarter, where an Armenian street existed (Ruda Armeniorum). He also taught at the Sts. In 638, the Armenian Apostolic Church began appointing its own bishop in Jerusalem, generally known as the Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem. A 1992 article published by the Catholic Near East Welfare Association stated that "Armenians in Jerusalem try to maintain good relations with Arabs and Israelis, but they do not deny that their community has been affected by tensions in the city. [4] The Arab-Israeli conflict significantly affected the quarter's politically uninvolved Armenian population. After the end of the Crusader period, the Armenian Patriarchs sought to establish good relations with the Muslim rulers. Hovnan Baghdasaryan, Chancellor at Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem, informed on his facebook page. [34], In the 19th century, most of the Armenian and Christian quarters had "European-style gable roofs" as opposed to the domes preferred in the Muslim and Jewish quarters. Their quarter is the smallest of the four neighborhoods in Jerusalem's Old City and sits next to the Jewish and the Christian Quarters. Dung 4. Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem - Wikipedia For the past couple of weeks, Hagop Djernazian, an Armenian youth activist, has been one of the organizers of weekly protests in what's known as the Armenian Quarter in Jerusalem's Old City. The three Christian patriarchates of Jerusalem and the government of Armenia have publicly expressed their opposition to any political division of the two quarters. [50] The limited space in the overpopulated district makes housing expensive and according to Boyadjian, "Most Armenians, given their current income, simply cannot afford to maintain their primary residence there. [51] According to a 2007 study, the quarter housed 2,424 people (6.55% of Old City's total). [55], Graham Usher, a Palestine-based foreign correspondent of several Western newspapers, wrote in 2000 in a publication of the Beirut-based Institute for Palestine Studies that the Armenians "were burdened with the status of being Palestinian 'residents' but ethnically Armenian. The Museum offers a comprehensive overview of 3,000 years of Armenian art, culture and history. [39] In 1883, 102 Armenian families (8%) constituted the third largest Christian community in the Old City after the Greek Orthodox and Catholic (Latin) communities. In 638, after Sophronius died and the Greeks did not appoint another bishop for Jerusalem, the Armenian Apostolic Church began appointing its own bishops for Jerusalem. Today, this small quarter has the seat of the Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem, an Armenian museum, library, and of course the beautiful Cathedral of St. James, where Kanye West and Kim Kardashian . "It will change the status quo, the entire mosaic of Jerusalem.". , "Archbishop Nourhan Manougian Elected Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nourhan_Manougian&oldid=1139987158, 21st-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops, Articles containing Armenian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, 24 January 2013 and enthroned on 4 June 2013, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 21:45. "Priests walking in the streets find settlers spitting at them, people say they don't want to see Christmas trees in the city, and restaurants are being attacked for no reason. In Jerusalem's contested Old City, shrinking Armenian community fears "those from the convent"), they number up to 700 people. 1841 British Royal Engineers map of Jerusalem, Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel, " ", "Dividing Jerusalem: Armenians on the line of confrontation", "Declaration of War. The building is actually situated in the former "Chamtagh" which once served as the . The Armenian Patriarch, Nourhan Manougian, admitted that he had signed away the land but said he had been deceived by a local priest who worked for him. Among these sites under joint control of the Armenian Patriarchate and other churches, chapels and holy places are: The Armenian Patriarchate also has jurisdiction over the Armenian Apostolic (Orthodox) communities in Israel, Jordan and Palestine. These walls, along with the internal walls built by the Armenians, determined the outline of the quarter. "[110], Israel maintains that all of Jerusalem ("complete and united"), including the Old City, is its capital according to the 1980 Jerusalem Law. [47] During the 1948 ArabIsraeli War, the Armenian Quarter was damaged by bombs. Palestinians seek to establish their own capital in east Jerusalem in any future state. [35] In 1833 the Armenians established the city's first printing press. Jews (127) made up 33.2%, other Christians (94) 24.6% and Muslims (40) 10.5%. Armenian elders say that in the past, there have been frequent approaches by settlers wanting to buy land in their quarter and increase the Jewish presence in East Jerusalem. Armenian Christians are worried about the future of their neighborhood in east Jerusalem's Old City. And indeed their lives, properties and heritage have been bound by the same Israeli constraints as their Palestinian compatriots. Their report and recommendations are expected to be released soon. "[51], Furthermore, Armenians consider the Armenian Quarter to be part of the Christian Quarter. "It undermines any future political solution to Jerusalem," says Dimitri Diliani, president of the National Christian Coalition of the Holy Land. In 1866, the Armenians had inaugurated the first photographic studio and their first newspaper in Jerusalem. Armenian Patriarch Nourhan Manougian now lives cloistered in the convent Israel captured East Jerusalem - including the Old City - from Jordan in the 1967 Middle East War and went on to. Father Baret Yeretzian, director of the Patriarchate's real estate department, who confirmed the deal, told him that the land was leased for 98 years and Rubenstein plans to build a luxurious hotel on the property. www.armenianchurch.ca Residents have now placed their hopes on a group of lawyers from the US and Armenia who carried out a fact-finding mission in early June. Jerusalem's Armenians Protest 'Existential Crisis' over Patriarchate's It is also noted that non-Armenians found comfort in the protection of the walled Armenian compound. The Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem recognizes the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin as having pre-eminent supremacy in all spiritual matters. [56] According to Armenian researcher Tamar Boyadjian, because Armenians are considered Palestinians for all legal purposes they have difficulty obtaining travel and marriage documents. [4], In 1854 Karl Marx reported 350 Armenians in Jerusalem. The Jerusalem Armenian community uses the Old Julian calendar, unlike the rest of the Armenian Church, which use the Gregorian calendar.[1]. The Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem is the home of the Brotherhood of St. James, a monastic order of the Armenian Apostolic Church with about 60 members worldwide. Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem ( Armenian Apostolic Church ) List of Armenian patriarchs of Jerusalem Bishop, Diocese, Archbishop, Archdiocese, Exarch, or Exarchate of Jerusalem may refer to the above-listed patriarchates or to: Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchal Dependent Territory of Jerusalem ( Melkite Greek Catholic Church) In 626 AD, the Armenian Patriarch Apraham of Jerusalem, seeing the looming dangers of Islamic expansion and conquest, went to the Holy Islamic city of Mecca with a delegation of 40 prominent . [9] The convention of the boundaries of the Armenian Quarter may have originated in its current form in the 1841 British Royal Engineers map of Jerusalem,[10] or at least Reverend George Williams' subsequent labelling of it. The students in the seminary also publish their own official organ: Hay Yerusaghem ( , lit. In the 1930s and 1940s, the Armenian quarter saw further renovations. ( ), Yeghiazar Hromglayetzee (16701677), restored -- , Mardiros Khrimtzi (16811683), restored -- , Vrtanes (18601864) -- Locum Tenens , This page was last edited on 12 March 2022, at 15:53. [31], The Ottomans tolerated the presence of non-Muslim, Dhimmi, communities including the Christian Armenians. Nourhan Manougian - Wikipedia [19][27], In the First Council of Dvin (506), the Armenian Church broke off from Chalcedonian Christianity by rejecting the dual nature of Christ, which was agreed upon in the Council of Chalcedon of 451. [20] However, the first written records are from the 5th century. "It is historical land that we have had for 700 years. List of Armenian patriarchs of Jerusalem - Wikiwand The Patriarch, along with a synod of seven clergymen elected by the St. James Brotherhood, oversees the Patriarchate's operations. Armenian Community of Jerusalem | Encyclopedia.com Former Greek patriarch IrenaeusI was subsequently ousted after the deal came to light. Israel has said it will build 1,000 more settlement homes despite international calls to halt the plans. Armenian Quarter - Wikipedia List of Armenian patriarchs of Jerusalem - Wikipedia ", The traditional date is 301 AD. January 18, 2023 by The Armenian Mirror-Spectator 289 0 JERUSALEM Armenian Patriarch of Istanbul Sahak II, together with priests and pilgrims from Istanbul, are visiting the Holy Land on a special pilgrimage. The Armenian Patriarch and the Brotherhood of St. James, together with the Greek and Roman Catholic patriarchs, are the sole guardians of the Dominical Sites, the holiest shrines of Christendom. ", Israel at 75: A nation more disunited than ever before, Palestinians in Jerusalem neighborhood fear for their future, Israeli settlers attack West Bank town after shooting, Ukraine updates: Zelenskyy visits Snake Island in Black Sea, Biden defends US plan to send cluster bombs to Ukraine, Ukraine: The deadly legacy of cluster bombs, Military analyst: Cluster munitions could be 'very useful' in Ukraine. 'Armenian Jerusalem'). List of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem - Religion Wiki Confrontation, celebration and confetti: Photos of the week, Oscar-winning Banshees pub opens for real, Gods, goatskins and drums: Morocco's mystical musicians, Armageddon: The 3,000-year-old city behind the biblical story. The Patriarchate did not respond to DW's requests for an interview. The now-defrockedpriest has sinceleft for the US state of California. 07/02/2023. Goverou Bardez: Saving the Oldest Armenian Diaspora in the World He also taught at the Sts. [105] This stance was reaffirmed by Armenia's Foreign Minister Vartan Oskanian, who in late 2000 stated that Armenia was against the separation of the Armenian and Christian Quarters. [104], The "quiet political consensus" among the Armenians of Jerusalem, according to The Economist, is that the Old City should be "neither Palestinian nor Israeli but rather an international 'space', governed by representatives of the three faiths and protected by the United Nations and other international bodies. The survival of the community is today in peril. But it is unclear whether this could prove essential to cancel the deal. "[108], In a 2011 meeting with the leaders of various Christian communities in Ramallah Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas stated: "The Palestinian leadership sticks to its position that considers the Armenian Quarter an integral part of east Jerusalem, the capital of the independent Palestinian state. After completing his primary education at the Haigazian School of Aleppo, he studied at the Theological Seminary of Antelias in Lebanon from 1961. A large number of Armenian monks are recorded to have settled in Jerusalem as early as the 4th century,[18][19] after the uncovering of Christian holy places in the city. Losing it with one signature will affect our cultural daily life, but it will also change the picture of Jerusalem," Hagop says. "The Armenian patriarchate of Jerusalem has to take care of these lands to keep them to preserve them, to protect them. Since his enthronement, Manougian has undertaken already several renewing projects, such as renovations of St. James Cathedral; as well as participating in the extensive renovations of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem and the Edicule in the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. The Armenian Patriarchate Of Jerusalem - St. John Armenian Church Patriarch Pizzaballa reacts to ongoing violence in Jenin refugee camp This article is about the Patriarch of Jerusalem in the Armenian Church tradition. At times, the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem became politicized by struggles within the Armenian Church. [8], The Armenian district of Jerusalem originated around the Armenian monastery in the south part of the modern Armenian Quarter.
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